Yes, authentic instruments are considered to be an autonomous piece of evidence, the probative value of which is examined in practice by courts in accordance with the general rules applying to the assessment of evidence (Chapter 3 “Evidence” of the Code of Civil Procedure). Once the court has examined an exhibit, it shall proceed to the assessment of value and reliability thereof. Discretionary assessment of evidence allows courts to determine whether an exhibit presented is reliable or not.
3. Do all authentic instruments have the same enhanced probative value?
