In Italy, the act of notoriety is a public document in which two witnesses (not the notary) solemnly declare the facts to their knowledge concerning an inheritance: if there was a will, if the will has been challenged, who are the heirs, if the deceased was married or had children or other descendants, if there are ongoing disputes over the succession. The act of notoriety constitutes privileged proof for the statements contained therein, but it must be remembered that these statements are not made by the notary but by the two witnesses who appear in the act and under their own and exclusive civil and criminal liability.